exaptation

[生态]扩展适应

发音

UK /ˌɛk.səpˈteɪ.ʃən/
US /ˌɛk.sæpˈteɪ.ʃən/

词形变化

exaptations 复数 exaptations

释义与例句

n.
  1. 1.

    The use of a biological structure or function for a purpose other than that for which it initially evolved.

    可数 不可数 生物

    Birds initially developed wings and feathers as a means of heat regulation. The use of wings for flight is an example of exaptation.

  2. 2.

    The promotion of meaningless or redundant material so that it does new grammatical (morphosyntactic or phonological) or semantic work.

    可数 不可数 语言学 引申义

    The process Haiman focuses on is exaptation, which he defines as "the promotion of meaningless or redundant material so that it does new grammatical (morphosyntactic or phonological) or semantic work" (p52).

词源

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs Proto-Italic *eks Latin ex Latin ex-der. Middle French ex-bor. Middle English ex- English ex- Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd Proto-Italic *ad Proto-Italic *ad- Latin ad- Proto-Italic *aptos Latin aptus Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin apiō ▲ Latin -ō Latin -tō Latin aptō Latin adaptō Proto-Indo-European *-tisder. Proto-Italic *-tjō Latin -tiō Medieval Latin adaptātiōbor. French adaptationbor. English adaptation blend English exaptation Blend of ex- + adaptation. Coined 1982 by palaeontologists Stephen Jay Gould and Elisabeth Vrba to avoid the perceived teleological baggage of the existing term preadaptation.

来源：wiktionary