hardship

B1 CET-4 高中 FREQ #12827 ★★☆☆☆

n. 艰难, 辛苦, 苦难 [法] 受苦, 吃苦, 苦难

发音

US /ˈhɑɹdˌʃɪp/
其它
UK /ˈhɑːdˌʃɪp/

词形变化

hardships 复数 hardships hardshipped hardshipping hardships 三单 hardshipping 现在分词 hardshipped 过去式 hardshipped 过去分词

教材释义与例句

名词

困苦；苦难；艰难险阻

something that makes your life difficult or unpleasant, especially a lack of money, or the condition of having a difficult life

an economic policy that caused great hardship for many people

造成许多人贫困的经济政策

Many students are suffering severe financial hardship.

许多学生经济非常困难。

释义与例句

n. B1
  1. 1.

    Difficulty or trouble; hard times.

    困难

    可数 不可数

    He has survived periods of financial hardship before.

  2. 2.

    A burden, a source of difficulty that could impose a barrier.

    可数 不可数

    When you visit the museum, we invite you to make a donation of $10 if this will not be a hardship.

v.
  1. 1.

    To treat (a person) badly; to subject to hardships.

    及物

词汇关系

名词

同义词 10

rigor adversity severity rigour asperity grimness hard knocks rigorousness rigourousness severeness

上位词 6

difficulty misfortune bad luck difficultness ill luck tough luck

下位词 10

disaster distress catastrophe affliction nadir extremity ill-being low-water mark sternness victimization

相关短语

hardship post hardship posts

词源

From Middle English hardshipe, equivalent to hard + -ship.

来源：wiktionary