holocaust

B2 大学 FREQ #14718 ★☆☆☆☆

n. 大屠杀, 大火灾, 毁灭, 大规模烧杀

发音

UK /ˈhɒl.ə(ʊ)ˌkɔːst/
其它 /ˈhɑl.əˌkɑst/
US /ˈhɑl.əˌkɔst/
US /ˈhoʊ.lə-/

词形变化

holocausts 复数 holocausts holocausted holocausting holocausts 三单 holocausting 现在分词 holocausted 过去式 holocausted 过去分词

别名

holocast holocost Holocaust

教材释义与例句

名词

大屠杀；毁灭

释义与例句

n. B2
  1. 1.

    An offering or sacrifice to a deity that is completely burned to ashes.

    燔祭

    宗教
  2. 2.

    A complete or large offering or sacrifice.

    比喻 宗教 引申义
  3. 3.

    Complete destruction by fire; also, the thing so destroyed.

    引申义
  4. 4.

    Extensive destruction of a group of animals or (especially) people; a large-scale massacre or slaughter.

    比喻 引申义

    a nuclear holocaust

  5. 5.

    Alternative letter-case form of Holocaust (“the systematic mass murder (democide or genocide) of Jews (and, more broadly, of disabled people, homosexuals, Romanis, Slavs, and others) perpetrated by Nazi Germany shortly before and during World War II”); hence, the state-sponsored mass murder of a particular group of people in society.

    比喻 引申义
v.
  1. 1.

    To sacrifice (chiefly an animal) to be completely burned.

    比喻 及物 宗教
  2. 2.

    To destroy (something) completely, especially by fire.

    及物
  3. 3.

    To subject (a group of people) to a holocaust (mass annihilation); to destroy en masse.

    及物

词汇关系

名词

上位词 2

destruction devastation

相关短语

oxygen holocaust oxygenation holocaust Oxygen Holocaust Oxygenation Holocaust

词源

The noun is derived from Middle English holocaust (“burnt offering”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman holocauste, Old French holocauste, olocauste (modern French holocaust), from Late Latin holocaustum, from Ancient Greek ὁλόκαυστον (holókauston), the neuter form of ὁλόκαυστος (holókaustos, “wholly burnt”), from ὅλος (hólos, “entire, whole”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *solh₂- (“whole”)) + καυστός (kaustós, “burnt”) (from καίω (kaíō, “to burn, burn up”); further etymology uncertain, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂w-). By surface analysis, holo- + -caust. The verb is derived from the noun. As regards verb sense 3 (“to subject (a group of people) to a holocaust”), compare the use of genocide as a verb.

来源：wiktionary