incumbent

C2 CET-6 大学 FREQ #29977 ★★☆☆☆

a. 现任的, 依靠的, 负有义务的 n. 领圣俸者, 在职者

发音

UK /ɪnˈkʌmb(ə)nt/
其它 /ɪnˈkʊmbən/
UK /ɪŋ-/
US /ɪnˈkʌmbənt/
US /ɪŋ-/

词形变化

incumbents 复数 incumbents more incumbent 比较级 most incumbent 最高级

教材释义与例句

名词

在职者；现任者；领圣俸者

形容词

现任的；依靠的；负有职责的

释义与例句

n. C2
  1. 1.

    The current holder of an office or title; (specifically, Christianity) the holder of an ecclesiastical benefice.

  2. 2.

    A holder of a position as supplier to a market or market segment that allows the holder to earn above-normal profits.

    商务
adj. C2
  1. 1.

    Chiefly followed by on or upon: leaning, or lying, reclining, or resting, on something else.

  2. 2.

    Chiefly followed by on or upon: leaning, or lying, reclining, or resting, on something else.

    Of an anther: lying on the inner side of the filament; also, of a cotyledon: having its back lying against the radicle.

    生物 植物学
  3. 3.

    Chiefly followed by on or upon: leaning, or lying, reclining, or resting, on something else.

    Of a body part such as a hair, spine, or wing: bent downwards or otherwise positioned so that it, or part of it, rests on or touches something else; specifically (ornithology), of the hind toe of a bird: fully resting on a support.

    生物 动物学

    the incumbent toe of a bird

  4. 4.

    Being the current holder of an office or a title; specifically (Christianity, obsolete), of an ecclesiastical benefice.

    现任

    比喻

    If the incumbent senator dies, he is replaced by a person appointed by the governor.

  5. 5.

    Oppressive, pressuring.

    比喻
  6. 6.

    Followed by on or upon: imposed on one as an obligation, especially due to one's office or position.

    比喻

    Proper behaviour is incumbent on all holders of positions of trust.

  7. 7.

    Hanging or leaning over.

    比喻 诗歌
  8. 8.

    Putting much effort into an activity or some work.

    比喻 废旧
  9. 9.

    Weighing on one's mind.

    比喻 废旧

词汇关系

名词

同义词 1

officeholder

上位词 3

official holder functionary
形容词

近义相关 3

necessary current superjacent

词源

From Middle English incumbent, encumbent (“holder of an ecclesiastical benefice, dean, parson, etc.; cleric (?)”), from Medieval Latin incumbēns (“holder of a church position”) + Middle English -ent (suffix denoting one that causes, does, or promotes an action). Incumbēns is derived from Medieval Latin incumbō (“to obtain; to possess”), from Latin incumbō (“to lay upon, to lean or recline on; to fall upon, to press down on”): see etymology 1.

来源：wiktionary