abstain

FREQ #29135 ★☆☆☆☆

vi. 自制, 戒绝, 弃权, 回避

发音

UK /əbˈsteɪn/
其它
US /əbˈsteɪn/
US /æbˈsteɪn/

词形变化

abstained abstainedst abstaineth abstaining abstains 三单 abstains abstaining 现在分词 abstained 过去式 abstained 过去分词 abstainest abstainedst 过去式 abstaineth 三单 abstained 复数

释义与例句

v.
  1. 1.

    Keep or withhold oneself.

    废旧 及物
  2. 2.

    Refrain from (something or doing something); keep from doing, especially an indulgence.

    不及物

    In order to improve his health, Rob decided to abstain from smoking.

    The Security Council […] calls upon all Governments and authorities, without prejudice to the rights, claims or positions of the parties concerned, to abstain from any hostile military action in Palestine and to that end to issue a cease-fire order to their military and paramilitary forces

  3. 3.

    Refrain from (something or doing something); keep from doing, especially an indulgence.

    To refrain from drinking alcohol.

    不及物
  4. 4.

    Fast (not eat for a period).

    不及物 废旧
  5. 5.

    Deliberately refrain from casting one's vote at a meeting where one is present.

    不及物

    I abstain from this vote, as I have no particular preference.

  6. 6.

    Hinder; keep back; withhold.

    废旧 及物

词汇关系

动词

同义词 2

refrain desist

反义词 1

consume

上位词 5

choose prefer refrain opt forbear

下位词 4

fast avoid keep off teetotal

词源

First attested around 1380. From Middle English absteynen, absteinen, abstenen, from Old French astenir, abstenir, from Latin abstineō (“to hold oneself back”) from abs- (“from”) + teneō (“to hold”). See also tenable.

来源：wiktionary