harden

CET-4 大学 FREQ #24559 ★★☆☆☆

vt. 使变硬, 使坚强, 使冷酷 vi. 变硬, 变冷酷

发音

US /ˈhɑɹdn̩/
其它
UK /ˈhɑːdn̩/

词形变化

hardens 复数 hardened hardenest hardeneth hardening hardens 三单 hardens hardening 现在分词 hardened 过去式 hardened 过去分词

教材释义与例句

动词

变硬，变坚固；变坚强；变冷酷

动词

使…变硬；使…坚强；使…冷酷；使…麻木不仁

释义与例句

n.
  1. 1.

    Alternative form of hurden (“coarse linen”).

    可数 不可数
v.
  1. 1.

    To become hard.

    硬化

    不及物
  2. 2.

    To make something hard or harder.

    硬化

    及物
  3. 3.

    To strengthen.

    比喻 及物
  4. 4.

    To modify (a website or other system) to make it resistant to malicious attacks.

    及物 计算机 工程 数学
  5. 5.

    To become or make (a person or thing) resistant or less sensitive.

    及物/不及物

    When thou goest to return into Egypt, see that thou do all those wonders before Pharaoh, which I have put in thine hand: but I will harden his heart, that he shall not let the people go.

  6. 6.

    To get an erection.

    非正式 不及物
  7. 7.

    To become or make (a consonant) more fortis; to (cause to) undergo fortition.

    及物/不及物 语言学
  8. 8.

    To unpalatalize or velarize.

词汇关系

动词

同义词 4

season temper indurate inure

反义词 1

soften

上位词 5

change modify toughen accustom habituate

下位词 10

cure temper callous cauterize normalize callus anneal calcify cauterise encrust

近义相关 1

indurate

相关短语

harden someone's heart harden one's neck harden up case harden [机] 铁材料之使表面硬化, 表面淬火

词源

From Middle English hardenen, equivalent to hard + -en. Cognate with Danish hærdne (“to harden; cure”), Swedish hårdna (“to harden”), Norwegian herdne (“to harden”), Icelandic harðna (“to harden”).

来源：wiktionary