rough

B1 CET-4 Oxf 3000 高中 FREQ #1910 ★★★☆☆

n. 粗糙的东西, 毛坯, 未加工品, 梗概, 草图, 暴徒, 艰难 a. 粗糙的, 粗暴的, 蓬乱的, 草率的, 大致的, 简陋的, 暴风雨的, 艰难的 vt. 使粗糙, 使不平, 使蓬乱, 粗制, 草拟, 粗暴对待, 对...动粗 vi. 变粗糙 adv. 粗糙地, 粗暴地

发音

US /ɹʌf/
UK /ɹʌf/
US
AU /ɹɐf/
NZ /ɹɐf/
其它 /ɹʊf/
SCOT /ɾʌf/
其它 /ɾʌf/

词形变化

roughs 复数 roughs roughed roughing roughs 三单 roughing 现在分词 roughed 过去式 roughed 过去分词 rougher 比较级 rougher roughest roughest 最高级 more rough 比较级 most rough 最高级

别名

ruff

教材释义与例句

名词

艰苦;高低不平的地面;未经加工的材料;粗糙的部分

动词

使粗糙;粗暴对待;草拟

动词

举止粗野

形容词

粗糙的;粗略的;粗野的;艰苦的;未经加工的

having an uneven surface

副词

粗糙地;粗略地;粗暴地

释义与例句

n.
  1. 1.

    The unmowed part of a golf course.

  2. 2.

    A rude fellow; a coarse bully; a rowdy.

  3. 3.

    A scuffed and roughened area of the pitch, where the bowler's feet fall, used as a target by spin bowlers because of its unpredictable bounce.

    体育 游戏
  4. 4.

    The raw material from which faceted or cabochon gems are created.

  5. 5.

    A quick sketch, similar to a thumbnail but larger and more detailed, used for artistic brainstorming.

  6. 6.

    Boisterous weather.

    废旧
  7. 7.

    A piece inserted in a horseshoe to keep the animal from slipping.

v.
  1. 1.

    To create in an approximate form.

    Rough in the shape first, then polish the details.

  2. 2.

    To break the rules by being excessively violent.

    不及物 政治 体育 军事

    […] roughing is not a part of the sport, and will not be tolerated. Referees will not permit unfair practices that may cause injury to a contestant, and are held strictly responsible for enforcing these rules.

  3. 3.

    To commit the offense of roughing, i.e. to punch another player.

    体育
  4. 4.

    To render rough; to roughen.

  5. 5.

    To break in (a horse, etc.), especially for military purposes.

  6. 6.

    To endure primitive conditions.

    to rough it

  7. 7.

    To roughen a horse's shoes to keep the animal from slipping.

    及物
adj. B1 Oxf 3000
  1. 1.

    Not smooth; uneven.

    粗糙

    rough hands

    rough stone

    rough surface

  2. 2.

    Approximate; hasty or careless; not finished.

    粗略

    a rough copy

    a rough estimate

    a rough guess

    a rough plan

    a rough sketch of a building

  3. 3.

    Turbulent.

    rough sea

    rough water

    rough weather

  4. 4.

    Difficult; trying.

    Being a teenager nowadays can be rough.

  5. 5.

    Crude; unrefined.

    粗鲁

    粗野

    His manners are a bit rough, but he means well.

  6. 6.

    Worn; shabby; weather-beaten.

    1914, Ernest Bramah, Max Carrados "You find us a bit rough," apologized the young man, with something of contempt towards his surroundings. "We weren't expecting visitors."

  7. 7.

    Having socio-economic problems, hence possibly dangerous.

    the rough bit of town

  8. 8.

    Violent; not careful or subtle.

    粗暴

    rough words

    This box has been through some rough handling.

  9. 9.

    Loud and hoarse; offensive to the ear; harsh; grating.

    a rough tone

    a rough voice

  10. 10.

    Not polished; uncut.

    a rough diamond

  11. 11.

    Harsh-tasting.

    rough wine

  12. 12.

    Somewhat ill; sick; in poor condition.

    爱尔兰 英国 非正式 俚语
  13. 13.

    Unwell due to alcohol; hungover.

    爱尔兰 英国 非正式 俚语
  14. 14.

    Of or relating to the rough breathing in the Greek language.

adv.
  1. 1.

    In a rough manner; rudely; roughly.

词汇关系

相关短语

词源

From Middle English rough, roughe, roȝe, row, rou, ru, ruȝ, ruh, from Old English rūg, rūh, from Proto-Germanic *rūhaz. Cognate with Scots ruch, rouch (“rough”), Saterland Frisian ruuch, rouch (“rough”), West Frisian rûch (“rough”), Low German ruuch (“rough”), Dutch ruig (“rough”), German rau(h) (“rough”), Danish ru (“uneven on the surface, "rough", "rugged"”).

来源:wiktionary