spruce

FREQ #20296 ★☆☆☆☆

n. 云杉 a. 颇为干净的, 俏的, 整洁的 v. (使)显干净, 打扮整齐

发音

US /spɹuːs/
其它 /spɹʉs/
SCOT /spɹʉs/

词形变化

spruces 复数 spruces spruced spruces 三单 sprucing sprucing 现在分词 spruced 过去式 spruced 过去分词 sprucer 比较级 sprucer sprucest sprucest 最高级

释义与例句

n.
  1. 1.

    Any of various large coniferous evergreen trees or shrubs from the genus Picea, found in northern temperate and boreal regions; originally and more fully spruce fir.

    云杉

    可数 不可数
  2. 2.

    The wood of a spruce.

    不可数 可数
  3. 3.

    Made of the wood of the spruce.

    定语 可数 不可数

    That spruce table is beautiful!

  4. 4.

    Prussian leather; pruce.

    可数 废旧 不可数
v.
  1. 1.

    To arrange neatly; tidy up.

  2. 2.

    To make oneself spruce (neat and elegant in appearance).

    及物/不及物
  3. 3.

    To tease.

adj.
  1. 1.

    Smart, trim, and elegant in appearance; fastidious (said of a person).

词汇关系

名词

上位词 2

wood conifer

下位词 10

black spruce Brewer's spruce Colorado blue spruce Colorado spruce Engelmann spruce Norway spruce red spruce Siberian spruce silverspruce Sitka spruce
动词

同义词 6

slick up smarten up spruce up spiff up titivate tittivate

上位词 6

groom embellish beautify fancify neaten prettify
形容词

同义词 8

dashing snappy dapper jaunty natty spiffy raffish rakish

近义相关 2

fashionable stylish

相关短语

spruce up 打扮整齐 spruce beer 云杉啤酒 spruce cone spruce cones spruce beers spruce grouse [医]漂亮树鸡 spruce hen spruce hens spruce pine 光松(Pinus glabra); 类光松植物 spruce siskin spruce tip spruce grouses spruce aphid spruce aphids spruce siskins

词源

From Middle English Spruce, an alteration of Pruce (“Prussia”), from Medieval Latin, from a Baltic language, probably Old Prussian; for more, see Prussia. Spruce, spruse (1412), and Sprws (1378) were terms for commodities brought to England by Hanseatic merchants (beer, wood, leather). The tree with this name was also believed to have been native to Prussia. The adjective and verb senses ("trim, neat" and "to make trim, neat") are attested from 1594, and originate with spruce leather (1466), which was used to make a popular style of jerkins in the 1400s that was considered smart-looking.

来源：wiktionary