surname

A2 CET-4 大学 FREQ #11387 ★☆☆☆☆

n. 姓, 别号, 绰号 vt. 呼以姓氏, 起绰号

发音

UK /ˈsɜːˌneɪm/
US /ˈsɝˌneɪm/

词形变化

surnames 复数 surnames surnamed surnames 三单 surnaming surnaming 现在分词 surnamed 过去式 surnamed 过去分词

别名

sirname sur-name

教材释义与例句

名词

姓，姓氏；绰号，别名

动词

给…起别名；给…姓氏

释义与例句

n. A2
  1. 1.

    The portion of a person's name that is generally hereditary or treated as an indicator of a person's family, which may be shared with other members of the family, or otherwise derived from their names in some fashion; distinguished from that person's given name(s).

    姓

    姓氏

    字姓

    James is my first name, and Smith is my surname.

  2. 2.

    Synonym of epithet, an additional name, particularly those derived from a birthplace, quality, or achievement.

    废旧
  3. 3.

    Synonym of nickname, an additional name given to a person, place, or thing, a byname.

    废旧
  4. 4.

    The cognomen of Roman names.

v.
  1. 1.

    To give a surname to.

    及物
  2. 2.

    To call by a surname.

    及物

词汇关系

名词

同义词 3

last name cognomen family name

上位词 1

name

下位词 1

maiden name

相关短语

occupational surname

词源

Inherited from Middle English surname, a partial calque of Old French surnum, surnoun (“surname; nickname”) (whence Middle English surnoun), from Late Latin supernōmen, suprānōmen (“surname”), from super- (“over, above, beyond”) and nōmen (“name”), equivalent to sur- + name.

来源：wiktionary