chagrin

n. 懊恼 vt. 使懊恼

发音

UK /ˈʃaɡ.ɹɪn/
US /ʃəˈɡɹɪn/
AU /ʃæˈɡɹiːn/

词形变化

chagrins 复数 chagrined chagrining chagrinned chagrinning chagrins 三单 chagrins chagrining 现在分词 chagrinning 现在分词 chagrined 过去式 chagrined 过去分词 chagrinned 过去式 chagrinned 过去分词 more chagrin 比较级 most chagrin 最高级

别名

chagrine chargrin

释义与例句

n.
  1. 1.

    A distress of mind caused by a failure of aims or plans, a want of appreciation, mistakes, etc.; vexation or mortification.

    懊恼

    烦恼

    可数 不可数

    much to the chagrin (of)

  2. 2.

    A type of leather or skin with a rough surface.

    可数 不可数
v.
  1. 1.

    To bother or vex; to mortify.

    及物

    Meet once a year, then part, and then Retiring, wish to meet again.

  2. 2.

    To be vexed or annoyed.

    废旧 罕用
adj.
  1. 1.

    Feeling chagrin; annoyed; vexed, fretful.

    废旧

    1728, Henry Fielding, Love in Several Masques, Act V, Scene 3, in The Works of Henry Fielding, Esq, London: W. Strahan et al., 1784, Volume I, p. 174, I wou’d not have your ladyship chagrin at my bride’s expression […]

词汇关系

词源

From French chagrin (“sorrow”), from Middle French chagrin (“pain, affliction”) (compare Middle French chagriner, chagrigner (“to experience sorrow”), Old French chagrin (“painful, afflicted”)), probably derived from Old Northern French chagreiner, chagraigner (“to sadden”), of uncertain origin. Likely an enlargement of Old French greignier, graignier (“to cringe, growl, be sullen, be angry, grieve over”), from Old French graigne (“sadness, resentment, grief”), from graim (“sorrowful”), related to Old High German gram (“furious, gloomy, grieved”). The initial syllable is obscure. It may represent Old French chat (“cat”) to express the idea of "lamenting or yowling like cats" (compare German Katzenjammer (“distress, frustration, depression, chagrin”, literally “cat-wailing, cat-misery”), katzbalgen (“to cat-fight”)). An alternative theory is that it came from a metaphorical use of French chagrin, (peau de) chagrain (“a type of roughened leather”), with the connection of roughness, though some dictionaries consider this to be a separate word derived from Old French peau de sagrin, from Ottoman Turkish [script needed] (sağrı, “the rump of an animal, skin for tawing”). The alteration of initial s to ch is likely due to influence from chagrin meaning "sorrow".

来源:wiktionary