pluck

C2 大学 FREQ #11164 ★☆☆☆☆

n. 勇气, 猛拉, 动物内脏 vt. 摘, 猛拉, 拔, 拉, 扯, 采 vi. 拉, 拽

发音

US /plʌk/
IE /plʊk/
其它 /plʊk/

词形变化

plucks 复数 pluck'd plucked pluckest plucketh plucking plucks 三单 plucks pluckt plucking 现在分词 plucked 过去式 plucked 过去分词 pluckt 过去式 pluckt 过去分词

别名

PL

教材释义与例句

名词

勇气；内脏；快而猛的拉

动词

摘；拔；扯

动词

拉；拽；扯

释义与例句

n. C2
  1. 1.

    An instance of plucking or pulling sharply.

    可数 不可数

    Those tiny birds are hardly worth the tedious pluck.

  2. 2.

    The lungs, heart with trachea and often oesophagus removed from slaughtered animals.

    可数 不可数
  3. 3.

    Guts, nerve, fortitude or persistence.

    比喻 非正式 不可数 可数

    He didn't get far with the attempt, but you have to admire his pluck.

  4. 4.

    Cheap wine.

    俚语 不可数 非裔美国英语 可数
v. B2
  1. 1.

    To pull something sharply; to pull something out

    摘

    及物

    She plucked the phone from her bag and dialled.

  2. 2.

    To take or remove (someone) quickly from a particular place or situation.

    及物

    First of all, he says a lot of the promotions from the ranks are promotions of the sons of officers who have gone wrong , or got "plucked," or what not, and who are brought up again along another road for commissioned rank.

  3. 3.

    To play (a single string on a musical instrument) by pulling and then releasing it, such as on a guitar.

    弹拨

    及物 音乐

    Whereas a piano strikes the string, a harpsichord plucks it.

  4. 4.

    To remove feathers from (a bird).

    及物
  5. 5.

    To rob, steal from; to cheat or swindle (someone).

    古体 及物
  6. 6.

    To play a string instrument pizzicato.

    及物

    Plucking a bow instrument may cause a string to break.

  7. 7.

    To pull or twitch sharply.

    不及物

    to pluck at somebody's sleeve

  8. 8.

    To reject (a student) after they fail an examination for a degree.

    英国 废旧 及物
  9. 9.

    Of a glacier: to transport individual pieces of bedrock by means of gradual erosion through freezing and thawing.

词汇关系

名词

同义词 2

gutsiness pluckiness

上位词 3

pull pulling fearlessness
动词

同义词 10

pick pull roll rob hook tear hustle soak fleece tweak

上位词 10

pull steal draw collect gather rip cheat strip garner chisel

下位词 9

squeeze rack berry mushroom wring gouge extort twang tweeze

近义相关 3

draw away draw off pull off

相关短语

pluck up one's courage 鼓起勇气 pluck up 振作, 拔起 pluck out 拔出,拔起 crow to pluck crows to pluck have a crow to pull

词源

From Middle English plucken, plukken, plockien, from Old English pluccian, ploccian (“to pluck, pull away, tear”), also Old English plyċċan ("to pluck, pull, snatch; pluck with desire"), from Proto-West Germanic *plukkōn, from Proto-Germanic *plukkōną, *plukkijaną (“to pluck”), of uncertain and disputed origin. Perhaps related to Old English pullian (“to pull, draw; pluck off; snatch”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian plukje (“to pluck”), West Frisian plôkje (“to pick, pluck”), Dutch plukken (“to pluck”), Limburgish plógte (“to pluck”), Low German plukken (“to pluck”), German pflücken (“to pluck, pick”), Danish and Norwegian plukke (“to pick”), Swedish plocka (“to pick, pluck, cull”), Icelandic plokka, plukka (“to pluck, pull”). More at pull. An alternative etymology suggests Proto-Germanic *plukkōną, *plukkijaną may have been borrowed from an assumed Vulgar Latin *pilūc(i)cāre, a derivative of Latin pilāre (“deprive of hair, make bald, depilate”), from pilus (“hair”). The Oxford English Dictionary, however, finds difficulties with this and cites gaps in historical evidence. The noun sense of "heart, liver, and lights of an animal" comes from it being plucked out of the carcass after the animal is killed; the sense of "fortitude, boldness" derives from this meaning, originally being a boxing slang denoting a prize-ring, with semantic development from "heart", the symbol of courage, to "fortitude, boldness".

来源：wiktionary