stain

B2 CET-4 高中 FREQ #6893 ★★☆☆☆

n. 污染, 污点, 着色剂 vt. 沾染, 染污, 着色 vi. 变脏

发音

其它 /steɪn/

词形变化

stains 复数 stains stain'd stained stainest staineth staining stains 三单 staining 现在分词 stained 过去式 stained 过去分词

别名

staine stayne

教材释义与例句

名词

污点；瑕疵；着色剂

a mark that is difficult to remove, especially one made by a liquid such as blood, coffee, or ink

动词

沾污；败坏；给…着色

to change the colour of something, especially something made of wood, by using a special liquid

动词

污染；被沾污；被染污

释义与例句

n. B2
  1. 1.

    A discolored spot or area caused by spillage or other contact with certain fluids or substances.

    污迹

    污渍

  2. 2.

    A blemish on one's character or reputation.

  3. 3.

    A substance used to soak into a surface and colour it.

  4. 4.

    A reagent or dye used to stain microscope specimens so as to make some structures visible.

  5. 5.

    One of a number of non-standard tinctures used chiefly in post-medieval heraldry, especially tenné, murrey, or sanguine.

    政治 纹章
v. B2
  1. 1.

    To discolor, as by spilling or other contact with a fluid or substance.

    及物

    to stain the hand with dye

    armour stained with blood

  2. 2.

    To taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation

  3. 3.

    To coat a surface with a stain

    to stain wood with acids, coloured washes, paint rubbed in, etc.

    the stained glass used for church windows

  4. 4.

    To become stained; to take a stain.

    不及物
  5. 5.

    To treat (a microscopic specimen) with a dye, especially one that dyes specific features

    及物 生物 医学
  6. 6.

    To cause to seem inferior or soiled by comparison.

词汇关系

名词

同义词 10

mark spot dirt brand soil grease filth smear blot stigma

上位词 9

fault mistake color colour symbol appearance error dirtiness uncleanness

下位词 10

scorch tarnish bloodstain demerit bar sinister bend sinister cloven foot cloven hoof counterstain crystal violet
动词

同义词 5

dye sully tarnish defile maculate

上位词 8

change spot alter dye modify blob blot fleck

下位词 8

tattoo dip marble vein darken smut ebonise ebonize

近义相关 4

spot blob blot fleck

相关短语

stain remover stain removers stain lifter stain lifters coffee stain effect shit stain Leishman stain Feulgen stain Wright-Giemsa stain Wright's stain [医] 赖特氏染剂(染血细胞及疟原虫) port-wine stain [医] 葡萄酒色痣, 焰色痣 Colorado brown stain Ziehl-Neelsen stain Kinyoun stain pet stain

词源

From Middle English steinen, steynen (“to stain, colour, paint”), of North Germanic origin, from Old Norse steina (“to stain, colour, paint”), from steinn (“stone, mineral blue, colour, stain”), from Proto-Norse ᛊᛏᚨᛁᚾᚨᛉ (stainaʀ), from Proto-Germanic *stainaz (“stone”), from Proto-Indo-European *steyh₂- (“to stiffen”). Cognate with Old English stān (“stone”). More at stone. Replaced native Middle English wem (“spot, blemish, stain”), from Old English wamm (“spot, stain”). In some senses, influenced by unrelated Middle English disteynen (“to discolor, remove the colour from"; literally, "de-colour”), from Anglo-Norman desteindre (“to remove the colour from, bleach”), from Old French destaindre (“to remove the color from, bleach”), from des- (“dis-, de-, un-”) + teindre (“to dye”), from Latin tingo.

来源：wiktionary